Scoliosis
| Purpose | Quantify the presence and change of scoliosis measurements |
| Tag(s) |
|
| Panel | Pediatric |
| TOUCH-AI ID | 18010001 |
| Originator | Pediatric Panel |
| Panel Chair | Matt Hawkins |
| Panel Reviewers | Pediatric Panel |
| License | |
| Status | Published |
Clinical Implementation
Value Proposition
Scoliosis is a lateral curvature in the normally straight vertical line of the spine with mild roundness in the upper back and inward curvature of the spine. Detecting scoliosis is cumbersome and currently requires extensive manual human measurement to assess the spinal angle. An algorithm meeting this use case will make it easier to detect scoliosis, measure the curve, and flag any extreme spinal angles. Additionally, the algorithm may help detect and characterize rotary scoliosis. These automated measurements will improve consistency between operators and provide the radiologist with more time to focus on ancillary findings that could be missed by orthopedic surgeons.Narrative(s)
A teenage female patient presents with suspected scoliosis of the back.Workflow Description
An x-ray is taken and sent to PACS and the AI engine. The algorithm is triggered automatically by a scoliosis study. This scoliosis algorithm returns the patient’s Cobb angle and pelvic tilt as well as change over time, if priors exist. An algorithm that also produces the Risser score, the presence of triradiate cartilage, and vertebral body numbering is preferable. Additional data elements are suggested for a wider scope of populations.Considerations for Dataset Development
Procedures(s): X-ray, Scoliosis Procedure, Total Spine
View(s): {Upright, supine, flexion, extension}
Sex at Birth: {Male, Female}
Age: All
Pelvic Tilt (degrees): [0,180]
Weight-Bearing: {weight bearing, non-weight bearing}
Image Acquisition: {Image fusion (consider front-thoracic spine, lumbar spine, or cervical spine), Total spine exposure}
Technical Specifications
Inputs
DICOM Study
| Procedure | XRAY, Scoliosis Procedure, Total Spine |
| Views | Upright, supine, flexion, extension |
| Data Type | DICOM |
| Modality | XRAY |
| Body Region | Spine |
| Anatomic Focus | Spinal Cord |
Primary Outputs
Cobb Angle
| RadElement ID | |
| Definition | Measure coronal plane deformity on anteroposterior plane radiographs in the classification of scoliosis. |
| Data Type | Numeric |
| Value Set |
|
| Units | Degrees |
Pelvic Tilt
| RadElement ID | |
| Definition | Angle between the iliac crest to the horizontal |
| Data Type | Numeric |
| Value Set |
|
| Units | Degrees |
Secondary Outputs
Risser Score
| RadElement ID | RDE273 |
| Definition | Grade skeletal maturity based on the level of ossification and fusion of the iliac crest apophyses |
| Data Type | Categorical |
| Value Set | 0–Stage 0: no ossification center at the level of iliac crest apophysis 1–Stage 1: apophysis along <25% of the iliac crest 2–Stage 2: apophysis along 25-50% of the iliac crest 3–Stage 3: apophysis along 50-75% of the iliac crest 4–Stage 4: apophysis along >75% of the iliac crest 5–Stage 5: complete ossification and fusion of the iliac crest apophysis 6–Indeterminate |
| Units | N/A |
Triradiate Cartilage
| RadElement ID | |
| Definition | Epiphyseal plate between the ilium, ischium, and pubis to form the acetabulum of the os coxae |
| Data Type | Categorical |
| Value Set | 0–Open 1–Closed 2–Indeterminate |
| Units | N/A |
Vertebral Body Numbering
| RadElement ID | RDE267 |
| Definition | Numbering order of the vertebrae of the human spinal column |
| Data Type | Matrix |
| Value Set | 0–Non vertebrae pixel {C1, C2, C3, C4,C5, C6, C7, Th1, Th2, Th3, Th4, Th5, Th6, Th7, Th8, Th9, Th10, Th11, Th12, Th13, L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6, Os sacrum, Coccyx} |
| Units | N/A |
Pelvic Incidence
| RadElement ID | RDE268 |
| Definition | Angle of incidence is the algebraic sum of 2 complementary angles: pelvic tilt and sacral slope |
| Data Type | Numeric |
| Value Set |
|
| Units | Degrees |
Sagittal Vertical Axis
| RadElement ID | RDE269 |
| Definition | Sagittal offset of a plumb line dropped from the C7 vertebral body from the posterosuperior corner of the sacral plate |
| Data Type | Numeric |
| Value Set |
|
| Units | mm |
Thoracic Kyphosis Angle
| RadElement ID | RDE270 |
| Definition | Thoracic convexity |
| Data Type | Numeric |
| Value Set |
|
| Units | Degrees |
Lumar Lordosis Angle
| RadElement ID | |
| Definition | Anterior convexity of the lumbar spine in the midsagittal plane |
| Data Type | Numeric |
| Value Set |
|
| Units | Degrees |
Scoliosis Type
| RadElement ID | RDE272 |
| Definition | Classify the scoliosis type, which is required information for ICD-10 |
| Data Type | Categorical |
| Value Set | 0–Unknown 1–Congenital 2–Infantile, idiopathic 3–Juvenile, idiopathic 4–Thoracogenic 5–Radiation related 6–Syndrome related |
| Units | N/A |
Related Datasets
No known related public datasets at this time, please alert us if you know of any.